In saline wastewater treatment
Amir Hesam Hasani
Key Words: Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR), saline
wastewater, Mathematical Model
Due
to its adverse effects on the activity and cellular structure of microorganisms
high salt concentration significantly reduce the efficiency of biological
treatment processes of saline wastewater.
Synthetic
wastewater composed of diluted molasses, urea, salts of buffer phosphate and
various concentrations of salt (0.7- 2.5% NaCl), was treated in a Moving Bed Biofilm
Reactor unit (MBBR).
In
order to start up, the recycled sludge flow of activated sludge culture
obtained from the wastewater treatment plant was added (used as inoculum) to MBBR reactors that 50 %
of the reactor’s volume were filled with the carrier elements, shaped like
small corrugated cylinders, are made of polyethylene.
The
effects of important process variables such as COD loading rate (Ls), hydraulic
loading rate (Q/A) and salt concentration on the performance of the system were
investigated.
An
empirical mathematical model describes the system’s performance in various salt
concentrations and COD loading rates separately. Using the experimental data,
the constants of model were determined.
The
obtained equations can be used in MBBRs systems under similar
conditions and with in the ranges tested for the parameters.
Majid Abbaspour
Department of mechanical
Engineering, Sharif University of Technology
Faculty of Environment and
Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic
Key Words: noise
pollution, schools, teachers, traffic,
This study has been carried out to
evaluate the existing noise pollution in schools of central
The results indicated that the mean
value of PNC and Leq 30 min A was 55.6dB and 51.8 dBA, respectively, which were
higher than the recommended permissible values (both 35 dB (A)).
This may be due to the increased
numbers of schoolchildren, oldness of school buildings, presence of schools in
areas with heavy traffic, e g, along busy streets and high ways, construction
activities, and lack of sports hall in schools. Noise pollution in non-profit
schools was 4dBA less than the stste schools. It might be due to the fact that
the private schools mostly had new buildings, fewer students than the state
school, and sports hall for the children to exercise.
According to an open-ended
questionnaire, 32% of teachers considered noise pollution as the main problem
while teaching at school, And 47% of them believed that it could be harmful to
the students and might decrease their motivation.
The Determination of
Dimethoate Insecticide Residues upon the cucumber Product (
Masoumeh Hosseini
Mohammad
Abtahi
Key words: Dimethoate,Cucumber, Kor river,
The Effect of Nickel on Seed Germination Proline Metabolism, Catalase
And Peroxides Activity in Brassica Napus L.
Mah Lagha Ghorbanli
Faculty of
Science, Gorgan Branch, Islamic
Reza HadjiHoseiny*
Ravan-Bakhsh Shirdam
Pardisan Environmental
Soudabeh HezarKhani*
Key words: Germination, Nickel, Proline, Peroxidase, Catalase,
Colza
In this study, the effect of various NiCl2
treatments (0,10,50,100,150,200,250, 300,350, 400, 450,500 µM) on seed
germination in Brassica napus cultivars (Hyola and PF) has been investigated.
The results show that an increase in
the nickel concentration causes a decrease in the seed germination in Hyola,
which was greater than that in PF. Therefore, it is concluded that the toxicity
of nickel is probably one of biochemical mechanisms influencing the response of
these cultivars to the nickel stress.
Also, the effect
of various NiCl2
treatments (0,100,300,500µM) at
rosette stage of two Brassica napus cultivars on the proline metabolism, catalase and peroxidase activity of leaves and root was
investigated under the greenhouse conditions. The two types of cultivars (PF
and Hyola) were highly sensitive to NiCl2 treatments. In general, in response to the heavy metal treatments, proline
concentration, catalase and peroxidase activity in both varieties are
increased. Therefore, it seems that the heavy metal stress could induce
significant changes in proline and catalase and peroxidase activity both in the
leaves and the root during the rosette stage through these cultivars.
Mutagenic & Carcinogenicity
of phytoplankton blooming using salmonella typhimorium in
E-Mail:
[email protected]
E-Mail: NIYEH@ IRISL.NET
Faculty of Marine Science and Technology,
Key words: Mutagenicity, Carcinogen city, Red tide
(Chlamydomonas), Salmonella Typhimurium,
Micro some
Abstract
Planktonic
blooming is one of the aspects of biological pollution in marine environment.
Due to the harmful effects of this natural phenomenon on the aquatic resources,
marine ecosystems and human beings caused by consuming polluted aquatic
creatures or by contact with polluted water, another effect of this phenomenon,
i, e., mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of planktonic blooming, was
investigated. This study was conducted using Ames test with Salmonella
typhimurium strain TA97 and microsome. In this research,a sample of red tide
(chlamydomonas sp) in the two phases of supernatant and mass was added
separately to the minimal agar medium Salmonella typhimurium strain TA97. For
comparison, sodium aside and distilled water were used as positive and negative
controls, respectively. Counting the colonies and comparing them with those of
negative control, the impact of red tide mutagenicity in the supernatant phase
was observed. Such an impact was not observed in the mass phase.
Carcinogencity microsome of rat liver
produced under sterile conditions was added to the minimal agar medium having
plank tonic blooming sample and strain TA97. The impact of mutagenicity was not
observed when the numbers of produced colonies in the sample, the positive
control and the negative control were compared.
The impact of land use
changes on urban
vegetation using remote
sensing
Mahdi Shadan
[email protected]
Key words: Urban environment, Land use changes, Vegetation
cover, Remote sensing
Abstract
In urban areas,
overpopulation has turned many agricultural lands into residential, commercial
and industrial ones. These changes have had such undesirable effects on urban
environment as a decrease in vegetation and an increase in temperature.
Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of land use changes for the
proper management of urban areas.
Remote sensing
technique can provide good information about land use changes in a short time.
It can also be used to study the past changes in land use to predict the future
changes.
The main
objective of this study was to develop a methodology for monitoring land use
changes in urban areas using satellite data and remote sensing technique.
In a case study,
four cities in the
The results of
this study indicate spatio-temporal changes of urban vegetation in the last
decade.
Isolation
of different Pseudomonas spp.capable of naphthalene degradation from southern
Caspian waters and the systematic evaluation of their growth in Bench scale
Zahra Yaghoubzadeh
Science and Researches Branch,
Islamic
Noura Amir mozafari
Departement of Microbiology,
School of Basic Sciences,
Aboalfath Shojaii
Departement of Microbiology, School of public Health, Iran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Reza Safari
Ministry of Agricultural
Jihad,
Key words: Naphthalene, Degradation, Pseudomonas, and
Abstract
Polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) are among the most important pollutant .The study
done at the
In this
research, different species of Pseudomonas bacteria capable of naphthalene
degradation were isolated from the southeastern Caspian waters .The Samples
were taken from the two stations in Amirabad and Noshar ports and were cultured
in minersl basal medium having naphthalene (as sole carbon source); then, they
were sub-cultured in cetrimid agar.
Biochemical
tests and differential medium were used for the identification of Pseudomonas
spp.Four different Pseudomonas including P.putida, P. aeruginosa, P.fluorescens
,and P.saccharophila were isolated. P. putida and saccharophila had the highest and lowest frequencies in the two stations, respectively.
The rate
of naphthalene degradation was shown to be dependent on different factors such
as the density of degrader bacteria, oxygen, temperature, pH, salinity and
nutrients .The concentration of naphthalene for optimal degradation was107-108
cfu/ml P.putida was the dominant bacterium for naphthalene degradation.
The Study of Mesopotamian soft-shell
turtle
(Rafetus euphraticus) and its Habitat in
Faculty of Environment and Energy, Science and Research
Branch, Islamic
Faculty of
Fisheries,
Keywords: Trionychidae,
Rafetus euphraticus, endangered, distribution, habitat,
Abstract:
"Rafetus euphraticus" is a
medium- sized trionychid species thought to be most closely related to the
Asian species "Rafetus swinhoe". It is found only in the Euphrates
and Tigris rivers and their tributaries of
In the
course of this study (February 2002 _ June 2005), 14 visits were made to the
habitats of the specie along the Karkhe, Dez and Karoon rivers and their
tributaries in Khuzestan province. During these visits 20 specimens were
observed and habitats characteristics of observation sites were recorded. Based
on these variables, the habitats were ranked from 1(poor) to 4(excellent) which
are reported in the paper. Also, 5 specimens were taken and their morph metric
characteristic were measured and reported.
According
to the findings of the sudy, habitat destruction, pollution and poaching are
the main threatening factors. To protect this species, more information is
needed about biology, habitats, and the relationship between the local
communities and the species.
Governments’ interests in different parts of seas Keywords: International conventions on the law of the seas, land locked states, sea neighboring states, ocean neighboring states, territorial sea, exclusive economic zone, and continental shelf.
Analyzing the information and the documents obtained about the countries’ efforts and struggles aimed at sovereignty over the different parts of the seas, it can be argued that the claims of powerful and developing states are different in this regard and that each of them is seeking its interests in the seas through legal means.